STATUS KEPADATAN TIKUS DAN DETEKSI BAKTERI LEPTOSPIRA DI WILAYAH PELABUHAN TANJUNG BALAI KARIMUN TAHUN 2025

Abstract

Rodents are significant vectors in the transmission of zoonotic diseases, including leptospirosis, caused by Leptospira spp. Ports are high-risk areas for rodent infestation due to intense human and cargo movement, making them critical points for disease surveillance. This study aimed to assess rodent density and detect the presence of Leptospira bacteria in the kidneys of rats captured in the Tanjung Balai Karimun Port area.The survey was conducted from June 16 to 20, 2025, involving the placement of 100 traps across key port locations. Captured rodents were identified morphologically, and their kidneys were tested for Leptospira using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. Laboratory analysis was performed at the Class I Port Health Quarantine Office in Tanjungpinang from June 24 to 26, 2025. A total of 14 rats were captured, yielding a success trap rate of 14%, which exceeds the environmental health standard threshold (<1%). Species identification revealed a predominance of Rattus rattus (78.6%) and Rattus norvegicus (21.4%). PCR results showed no detection of Leptospira in any of the tested kidney samples. Although no Leptospira infection was detected in the sampled rats, the high rodent density indicates substantial environmental health risks. Rodent presence remains a public health concern in port areas, warranting systematic vector control measures and improved environmental sanitation as preventive strategies.