HUBUNGAN KEPATUHAN TERAPI ARV TERHADAP VIRAL LOAD DAN INFEKSI OPORTUNISTIK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35328/kesmas.v13i2.2800Abstract
HIV/AIDS is one of the highest infectious diseases in the Limapuluh Community Health Center, with 305 cases. Of this number, 204 (66.9%) HIV patients were receiving ARV treatment and 102 (50%) patients were not adherent to ARV therapy. According to the results of the viral load examination, 86.3% of HIV patients had a suppressed viral load and 13.7% were not suppressed. A suppressed viral load is essential for maintaining their own health and reducing the risk of transmitting HIV to others. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between adherence to ARV therapy and Viral Load and Opportunistic Infections. This type of observational analytical quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study were HIV patients who were undergoing ARV treatment at the Limapuluh Community Health Center, Pekanbaru City in 2024, totaling 204 patients. The sample size with an alpha of 5% was 84 respondents, with a simple random sampling technique. Collecting data on Therapy Adherence by interview using a questionnaire while collecting data on viral load and opportunistic infections using secondary data. Bivariate analysis uses the chi square test. The results of the study showed that there was no relationship between adherence to ARV therapy and Viral Load (p value 0.09) but the odds of Viral Load not complying with ARV therapy were 2.5 times higher than those complying with ARV therapy (POR = 2.5; 95% CI = 0 .9 -6.7). Adherence to ARV therapy is associated with opportunistic infections (P value = 0.013). The odds of opportunistic infections in those who do not adhere to ARV therapy are 3.8 times higher than those who adhere to ARV therapy. It is recommended that HIV-AIDS sufferers comply with ARV therapy so that they can reduce viral load levels and prevent opportunistic infectios
References
Agegn Gwadu, A., Abebe Tegegne, M., Belay Mihretu, K., & Tegegne, A. S. (2023). Predictors of Viral Load Status Over Time Among HIV Infected Adults Under HAART in Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study. HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care, Volume 15, 29–40. https://doi.org/10.2147/HIV.S396030
Arifa, M. P. N., Tursinawati, Y., & Wahab, Z. (n.d.). Hubungan Kepatuhan Meminum Obat Antiretroviral Dengan Kadar Viral Load Pada Penderita HIV.
Campbell-Yesufu, O. T., & Gandhi, R. T. (2011). Update on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-2 Infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 52(6), 780–787. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciq248
Dinkes Propinsi Riau. 2022. Laporan Tahunan Program HIV-AIDS Dan IMS _2022
Framasari, D. A., & Flora, R. (2020). Infeksi Oportunistik Pada ODHA (Orang Dengan Hiv/Aids) Terhadap Kepatuhan Minum ARV (Anti Retroviral) Di Kota Palembang. 8.
Hamzah, M. S., Esfandiari, F., Anggraini, M., & Kusmana, A. S. E. (2021). Hubungan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Antiretroviral Pasca 6-12 Bulan Dengan Kadar Viral Load Pada Lelaki Seks Lelaki (LSL) Yang Terinfeksi Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Di Bandar Lampung Tahun 2019. Jurnal Medika Malahayati, 4(3), 226–235. https://doi.org/10.33024/jmm.v4i3.2498
Hilma, T. Y., Ermawati, R., Nelini, N., & Irna, K. D. (2023). Hubungan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Dengan Viral Load Pasien Hiv Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Kendari. (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kesehatan Masyarakat), 8(4). https://doi.org/10.37887/jimkesmas.v8i4.46083
Jayani, I., Susmiati, S., Mirasa, Y. A., & Khotimah, K. (2021). Relationship Between Adherences of Antiretroviral (ARV) Consumption with Viral Load in HIV/AIDS. Journal for Quality in Public Health, 5(1), 300–305. https://doi.org/10.30994/jqph.v5i1.255
Kemenkes RI. 2022. Permenkes Nomor 23 Tahun 2022 tentang Penanggulangan Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Dan Infeksi Menular Seksual
Kurnia, D. A., & Solekhah, U. (2018). Hubungan Pengetahuan HIV/AIDs, Terapi Antiretroviral, dan Infeksi Oportunistik Terhadap Kepatuhan ODHA dalam Menjalani Terapi Antiretroviral. Faletehan Health Journal, 5(2), 84–89. https://doi.org/10.33746/fhj.v5i2.13
Li, H., Marley, G., Ma, W., Wei, C., Lackey, M., Ma, Q., Renaud, F., Vitoria, M., Beanland, R., Doherty, M., & Tucker, J. D. (2017). The Role of ARV Associated Adverse Drug Reactions in Influencing Adherence Among HIV-Infected Individuals: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Meta-Synthesis. AIDS and Behavior, 21(2), 341–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1545-0
Muhie, N. S. (2024). Predictors for viral load suppression among HIV positive adults under ART treatment in University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: Retrospective cohort study. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 3258. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53569-0
Nursalam, N., Sukartini, T., Misutarno, M., & Priyantini, D. (2024). Adherence to antiretroviral therapy, CD4 count, viral load and opportunistic infections in people with HIV/AIDS: A cross-sectional study. Jurnal Ners, 19(1), 88–94. https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v19i1.49958
Puskesmas Lima Puluh. (2023). Laporan Bulanan Perawatan HIV dan ART (LBPHA) bulan Desember 2023. Peskesmas Limah Puluh.
Putra, M. A. S., Geografi, L., & Sinaga, C. R. (2023). Correlation Compliance Antiretroviral Therapy With Levels Viral Load In HIV Patients At Poly Clinic VCT Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Hospital 2022. 12.
T. Tchakoute, C., Rhee, S.-Y., Hare, C. B., Shafer, R. W., & Sainani, K. (2022). Adherence to contemporary antiretroviral treatment regimens and impact on immunological and virologic outcomes in a US healthcare system. PLOS ONE, 17(2), e0263742. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263742
Yotebieng, M., Brazier, E., Addison, D., Kimmel, A. D., Cornell, M., Keiser, O., Parcesepe, A. M., Onovo, A., Lancaster, K. E., Castelnuovo, B., Murnane, P. M., Cohen, C. R., Vreeman, R. C., Davies, M., Duda, S. N., Yiannoutsos, C. T., Bono, R. S., Agler, R., Bernard, C., … the IeDEA Treat All in sub‐Saharan Africa Consensus Statement Working Group. (2019). Research priorities to inform “Treat All” policy implementation for people living with HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa: A consensus statement from the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (Ie DEA ). Journal of the International AIDS Society, 22(1), e25218. https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.25218
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Al-Tamimi Kesmas: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Health Sciences)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.